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What Are U Shaped Valleys? A U-shaped valley is an geological formation with steep, high sides and a rounded or flat valley bottom. They result from glaciation and are often home to lakes, rivers, sand traps on golf courses, kettle lakes (water hazards), and other such natural features. Glacial erosion causes U-shaped valleys when rocks are ripped from the side and bottom of the valley. These valleys can be found in mountainous regions around the world. They are created by glaciers. Glaciers are massive bodies of ice that are formed on mountains and then move down them. When they degrade the landscape, they create U-shaped valleys that have flat floors and steep sides. These are different from the river valleys, which typically have the shape of an X. While glacial erosion can happen everywhere but these valleys tend to be more prevalent in mountainous areas. They are so distinct that you can tell whether the landscape was formed by glaciers or by rivers. The process of creating a U -shaped valley starts by creating a V formed river valley. As the glacier erodes the landscape it encroaches on the V-shaped river valley and creates an inverted U-shaped shape. The ice also damages the surface of the ground, causing the sides of the valley to have high and straight walls. This process is referred to as glaciation and requires an enormous amount of strength to break up the earth in this way. As the glacier continues to erode the landscape, it also makes the valley wider and deeper. The ice is less frictional than the rocks. As the glacier moves down the valley it also causes abrasion on the rock surfaces and pulls the weaker rocks away from the valley walls in a process known as plucking. These processes combine to increase the width, depth and smooth the U-shaped valley. These processes also cause a tiny side valley to hang' above the main valley. This valley is often filled with ribbon lakes, that are formed by the rushing of water through the glacier. The valley is also distinguished by striations, ruts, and till on the sides as well as moraines and till on the floor. The world is filled with U-shaped valleys. They are most common in mountainous regions, including the Andes, Alps, Caucasus, Himalaya and Rocky Mountains. In u shaped reclining sectional United States, they are usually found in national parks. Examples include the Nant Ffrancon valley in Wales and Glacier National Park in Montana. In some instances the valleys can extend to coastal locations and transform into fjords. This is a natural process that happens when the glacier melts and it could take many thousands of years to get these valleys formed. They are deep U-shaped valleys are distinguished by steep sides that curve towards the bottom and wide, flat valley floor. They are formed by river valleys that have been filled by glaciers during the glacial era. The glaciers erode valley floors via abrasion and plucking which causes the valley to expand and expand more evenly than it would with the flow of a river. These features are found around the globe in mountainous regions which include the Andes, Alps, Himalayas, Rocky Mountains, and New Zealand. The erosion of glaciers in the valley could transform it into a U-shaped valley, by expanding and deepening it. The erosive force of the glacier can also cause smaller side valleys to hang above the main valley, which is often identified by waterfalls. These types of features are referred to as “hanging valleys” because they are suspended above the main valley when the glacier retreats. These valleys are often enclosed by forests and contain lakes. Some valleys are dry and used for farming, whereas others are swamped and can be explored as part of a hike or kayaking trip. A majority of these valleys are in Alaska, where the glacial melt is at its most intense. Valley glaciers are huge, flowing like rivers that slowly slide down the slopes of mountains. They can reach depths of more than 1000 feet and are the most common type of valley erosion in the alpine regions. They consume the rocks that lie at the bottom of the valley, causing depressions and holes that are filled with water. The lakes that result are long and thin, and can be located in the peaks of some mountains. Another type of valley, a glacial trough, is a U-shaped valley that extends into salt water and forms an fjord. They are prevalent in Norway, where they are known as fjords. However, they are also found in other regions of the world. They are formed by melting glaciers, and can be seen on maps of the globe. They are distinguished by their steep sides and rounded sides that form a U-shape. The walls of troughs are typically made of granite. The slopes are steep A U shaped valley is a formation of geology with steep, high sides and a rounded bottom. Glaciers are responsible for many of these valleys. They are common in mountainous areas. This is due to glaciers being slow moving rivers of ice that move downhill, scouring the land as they go. Scientists once believed that glaciers wouldn't be able to carve valleys because they were so soft. But now, we know that they are able to. Glaciers create distinctive U-shaped valleys as a result of the processes of abrasion as well as plucking. These processes widen, steepen and deepen V-shaped river valleys into the U shape by eroding. They also alter the slopes of the valley floor. These changes happen in the front of the glacier as it turns into a valley. This is why the top of a U-shaped valley is typically wider than the bottom. Sometimes, U-shaped valleys may be filled with lakes. These kettle lakes form in hollows eroded by the glacier, or dammed by the moraine. The lake may be a temporary feature, when the glacier melts, or it could remain after the glacier receding. They are often found in conjunction with cirques. A flat-floored valley is another kind of valley. It is a type of valley created by streams that degrade the soil, however it doesn't have the same steep slope as a U-shaped valley. They are usually located in mountainous areas, and are often older than other types of valleys. There are many different types of valleys in the world and each one has a distinct appearance. The most common is a V-shaped valley but other types include U-shaped valleys as well as rift valleys. A rift valley is formed when the earth's surface is splitting apart. These are usually narrow valleys with steep sides. The Nant Ffrancon valley in Snowdonia, Wales is a good example of this. They are wide U-shaped valleys are distinguished by their broad bases unlike V-shaped ones. They are most often found in mountains and are formed by glaciers. Glaciers are huge blocks of snow and ice that degrade landscapes as they slide downwards. They degrade valleys by friction and erosion. This erosion is called Scouring. As they degrade the landscape, the glaciers form distinct shapes that resemble an U-shaped letter. These are referred to as U-shaped valleys and can be found in a variety of locations across the globe. The formation of these valleys happens when glaciers erode existing valleys of rivers. The weight of the glacier and its slow movement erode the valley's sides and floor, creating a distinctive U-shaped shape. This process, known as glacial erosive erosion has created some of the most stunning landscapes on Earth. These valleys are often called glacial troughs or troughs. They are common throughout the globe, but are particularly found in regions with mountains and glaciers. They range in dimensions from a few meters to hundreds of kilometers. They also differ in depth and length. The deeper the valley, the larger the fluctuation of temperature will be. If a U-shaped gorge is filled with water, it creates a ribbon lake or fjord. The ribbon lakes form in depressions where glaciers cut away less resistant rock. They also can be formed in valleys where the glacier was halted by a moraine wall. Apart from ribbon lakes, U-shaped valleys may also have glacial features such as hanging valleys, erratics and moraine dams. Erratics are massive rocks that were left behind by glaciers during their movement. They are commonly used to mark the boundaries of glaciated areas. Hanging valleys are smaller side valleys that are suspended above the main valley formed by the glacier. They aren't as deep as the main valley, and they contain less ice. These valleys are cut by tributary ice and are often covered by waterfalls.